Cancer immunotherapy
CAR-T, checkpoint inhibitors, cancer vaccines and other ways of turning the immune system on tumours.
- WikiAntibody-drug conjugates (ADCs)Antibody-drug conjugates link an antibody to a toxic payload. Not immunotherapy themselves, they are increasingly paired with checkpoint inhibitors.Updated
- WikiBispecific antibodies and T-cell engagersBispecific antibodies bind two targets at once, either linking T cells to tumours or pairing PD-1 with VEGF blockade. Approvals and 2026 trial results.Updated
- WikiCAR-T cell therapyCAR-T cell therapy: engineered T cells approved for blood cancers since 2017. Approvals, safety rules, the 2026 solid-tumour first and what comes next.Updated
- WikiImmune checkpoint inhibitorsCheckpoint inhibitors such as pembrolizumab release immune brakes like PD-1 and CTLA-4. How they work, who responds, side effects and 2026 approvals.Updated
- WikiIn vivo CAR-TIn vivo CAR-T aims to make CAR-T cells inside the body with one infusion, skipping cell manufacturing. Early 2025-2026 myeloma data, safety and limits.Updated
- WikiPersonalised mRNA neoantigen vaccinesIndividualised mRNA cancer vaccines such as intismeran autogene and autogene cevumeran: how they work, the 2026 phase 3 win and the setbacks.Updated
- WikiTumour-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapyTIL therapy grows a patient's own tumour-derived T cells and infuses them back. The 2024 FDA approval of lifileucel, results and open questions.Updated
- AnalysisCan immunotherapy crack solid tumours? The 2026 debateSolid tumours are the main frontier of cancer immunotherapy. What 2025-2026 trials show, where they fall short, and the competing readings.Updated
- ExplainerHow cancer vaccines work, from shared antigens to personalised mRNAHow therapeutic cancer vaccines differ from preventive ones, how personalised mRNA neoantigen vaccines are made, and what trials show as of 2026.Updated
- ExplainerHow CAR-T cell therapy worksHow CAR-T cells are made from a patient's own T cells, why they cause cytokine release syndrome, and why solid tumours are harder, at two reading levels.Updated
- ExplainerHow the immune system fights cancer, and how tumours escapeHow T cells recognise cancer, how tumours hide or switch immune cells off, and how immunotherapies try to reverse that, at beginner and expert level.Updated